Japanese Wooden Plate Denture as Origin of Suction Retention.

The modern theory of complete denture retention using suction was applied to wooden plate dentures in Japan from the first half of the 16th century, which is an astonishing achievement since it was clinically applied in North America and Europe in the latter half of the 19th century nearly 300 years later. Wooden dentures are unique to Japan resulting from skilled Japanese craftsmanship and are not found in other countries. We comprehensively reviewed reports on wooden plate dentures, analyzed 145 complete and partial dentures, and discussed their history. Japanese wooden plate dentures are mainly made of box wood, and artificial teeth are made of pagodite, ivory, and natural teeth. Small nails were driven into the molar region. Many existing dentures revealed attrition on the occlusal faces, thereby indicating that the wearers were able to masticate sufficiently. Wooden plate dentures have been used for 400 years in the early 20th century. Although Japanese wooden dentures have not been mentioned in the history of dentistry in Western literature, they comprise an important part of the history of denture development.

Bioinspired multiscale adaptive suction on complex dry surfaces enhanced by regulated water secretion.

Suction is a highly evolved biological adhesion strategy for soft-body organisms to achieve strong grasping on various objects. Biological suckers can adaptively attach to dry complex surfaces such as rocks and shells, which are extremely challenging for current artificial suction cups. Although the adaptive suction of biological suckers is believed to be the result of their soft body's mechanical deformation, some studies imply that in-sucker mucus secretion may be another critical factor in helping attach to complex surfaces, thanks to its high viscosity. Inspired by the combined action of biological suckers' soft bodies and mucus secretion, we propose a multiscale suction mechanism which successfully achieves strong adaptive suction on dry complex surfaces which are both highly curved and rough, such as a stone. The proposed multiscale suction mechanism is an organic combination of mechanical conformation and regulated water seal. Multilayer soft materials first generate a rough mechanical conformation to the substrate, reducing leaking apertures to micrometres (~10 µm). The remaining micron-sized apertures are then sealed by regulated water secretion from an artificial fluidic system based on the physical model, thereby the suction cup achieves long suction longevity on complex surfaces but minimal overflow. We discuss its physical principles and demonstrate its practical application as a robotic gripper on a wide range of complex dry surfaces. We believe the presented multiscale adaptive suction mechanism is a powerful unique adaptive suction strategy which may be instrumental in the development of versatile soft adhesion.

Research and application of bag filter system for railway ballast bed coal suction vehicles: An optimization and application study.

The current bag filter system used by railway ballast bed coal suction vehicles for cleaning coal dust from railway tunnels has low operational efficiency and generates significant volumes of dust. This paper describes a simulation test unit designed to enhance the dust removal performance in railway tunnels. The flow field inside the simulation test unit is investigated under different operating conditions through numerical simulations, and the variations in air volume and working resistance, total dust collection efficiency, and optimal operating parameters of a pulse cleaning system are identified through a series of experiments. The numerical results show that the pulse cleaning system does not significantly affect the uniformity of the flow field distribution at the bottom of the filter cartridge during the process of operation. The experimental research indicates that the simulation test unit satisfies the design requirements, achieving an average total dust removal efficiency of 99.93%. A field application shows that the total dust mass concentration at the operator position can be reduced from 335.8 mg∙m-3 to 4.2 mg∙m-3, effectively improving the operating environment within the tunnel.

Stickiness in shear: stiffness, shape, and sealing in bioinspired suction cups affect shear performance on diverse surfaces.

Aquatic organisms utilizing attachment often contend with unpredictable environments that can dislodge them from substrates. To counter these forces, many organisms (e.g. fish, cephalopods) have evolved suction-based organs for adhesion. Morphology is diverse, with some disc shapes deviating from a circle to more ovate designs. Inspired by the diversity of multiple aquatic species, we investigated how bioinspired cups with different disc shapes performed in shear loading conditions. These experiments highlighted pertinent physical characteristics found in biological discs (regions of stiffness, flattened margins, a sealing rim), as well as ecologically relevant shearing conditions. Disc shapes of fabricated cups included a standard circle, ellipses, and other bioinspired designs. To consider the effects of sealing, these stiff silicone cups were produced with and without a soft rim. Cups were tested using a force-sensing robotic arm, which directionally sheared them across surfaces of varying roughness and compliance in wet conditions while measuring force. In multiple surface and shearing conditions, elliptical and teardrop shapes outperformed the circle, which suggests that disc shape and distribution of stiffness may play an important role in resisting shear. Additionally, incorporating a soft rim increased cup performance on rougher substrates, highlighting interactions between the cup materials and surfaces asperities. To better understand how these cup designs may resist shear, we also utilized a visualization technique (frustrated total internal reflection; FTIR) to quantify how contact area evolves as the cup is sheared.

Develop of endocavitary suction device for MiECC on minimally invasive mitral valve surgery.

The minimally invasive extracorporeal circulation (MiECC) system was developed to minimize the contact of blood with air and foreign surfaces during conventional cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). It is also aimed to reduce the inflammatory response by further increasing the biocompatibility of the components that make up the MiECC circuits. The Minithoracotomy (MTH) approach for mitral valve disease remains associated with prolonged operative times, but it is beneficial in terms of reduced postoperative complications (renal failure, atrial fibrillation, blood transfusion, wound infection), length of stay in intensive care unit (ICU) and in hospitalization, with finally a reduction in global cost. Combining the use of the MiECC technique with minimally invasive mitral valve surgery (MIMVS) could open up new research scenarios. Although considerable progress has been made in the standardization of the surgical technique, limitations remain to be filled in the setting of Endo-cavitary aspiration for the association of MiECC with MIMVS. In this paper we introduce invention refers to a device and an air-closed endocavitary aspiration system for cardiac chamber surgery, as well as a method aimed at eliminating gaseous micro-embolic activity, hemolysis and CO2 aspiration and alteration of carbon dioxide production (VCO2) the parameters for goal directed perfusion. The system allows the surgery of the cardiac chambers to be associated with a minimally invasive extra-corporeal circulation circuit.

Inducing cavitation within hollow cylindrical radially polarized transducers for intravascular applications.

Thrombotic occlusions of large blood vessels are increasingly treated with catheter based mechanical approaches, one of the most prominent being to employ aspiration to extract clots through a hollow catheter lumen. A central technical challenge for aspiration catheters is to achieve sufficient suction force to overcome the resistance of clot material entering into the distal tip. In this study, we examine the feasibility of inducing cavitation within hollow cylindrical transducers with a view to ultimately using them to degrade the mechanical integrity of thrombus within the tip of an aspiration catheter. Hollow cylindrical radially polarized PZT transducers with 3.3/2.5 mm outer/inner diameters were assessed. Finite element simulations and hydrophone experiments were used to investigate the pressure field distribution as a function of element length and resonant mode (thickness, length). Operating in thickness mode (∼5 MHz) was found to be associated with the highest internal pressures, estimated to exceed 23 MPa. Cavitation was demonstrated to be achievable within the transducer under degassed water (10 %) conditions using hydrophone detection and high-frequency ultrasound imaging (40 MHz). Cavitation clouds occupied a substantial portion of the transducer lumen, in a manner that was dependent on the pulsing scheme employed (10 and 100 µs pulse lengths; 1.1, 11, and 110 ms pulse intervals). Collectively the results support the feasibility of achieving cavitation within a transducer compatible with mounting in the tip of an aspiration format catheter.

Routine closed-suction drainage reduces seromas following totally extraperitoneal (TEP) inguinal hernia repair: A meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: The value of prophylactic closed-suction drainage in totally extraperitoneal inguinal hernia repair (TEP) is still a matter of controversy. We conducted a meta-analysis of studies examining postoperative seroma rates in patients with or without routine placement of closed-suction drainage tubes. METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted for trials comparing the outcome of TEP with or without routine drainage placement. Data regarding postoperative outcomes were extracted and compared by meta-analysis. The odds ratio and standardized mean differences with 95% confidence intervals were calculated. RESULTS: Four studies were identified, involving a total of 1626 cases (Drain: n = 1251, no Drain: n = 375). There was a statistically significant difference noted between the 2 groups regarding postoperative seroma formation favoring the Drain group (odds ratio = 0.12; 95% confidence intervals [0.05, 0.29]; P < .001; 4 studies; I2 = 72%). For the remaining secondary endpoints postoperative urinary retention, recurrence, mesh infection and in-hospital length of stay no statistically significant difference was noted between the 2 study groups. CONCLUSION: Current evidence suggests that patients who underwent TEP with routine closed-suction drain placement developed significantly fewer seromas without any additional morbidity or prolongation of in-hospital stay.

Supplemental Oxygen Concentrations and the Use of Suction to Mitigate Risk of Oral Surgical Fires Using a Laboratory Model.

Purpose: Intraoral oxygen pooling during dental sedation, especially using supplemental oxygen, is associated with an increased risk of spontaneous perioperative fire. The purpose of this in vitro study was to examine the effectiveness of intraoral suctioning for reducing oxygen pooling to safe levels during a simulated dental procedure. Methods: Phase one: Twenty trials were completed for each of the three suctioning devices: high-volume evacuation (HVE), fixed tip saliva ejector (SE), and Yankauer suction (YS). Phase two: Twenty trials were completed for each of three suctioning scenarios: no suctioning and continuous suctioning for the HVE and SE. Results: In phase one, the slope for change (decrease) in oxygen during suction was significantly larger for SE than HVE (P<0.001) and YS (P<0.001), but for HVE and YS were not significantly different. Mean oxygen levels during suction were significantly higher for SE than HVE (P<0.001) and YS (P<0.001). In phase two, oxygen increased faster for no suction than for SE and HVE (P<0.001) and increased faster for SE than HVE (P<0.001). Mean oxygen levels were significantly lower for HVE than for SE (P<0.001) and no suction (P<0.001), and significantly lower for SE than no suction (P<0.001). Conclusion: All three devices were effective for reducing intraoral oxygen concentration to acceptable levels during the procedure. The HVE was the most effective suction device for rapidly evacuating pooled intraoral oxygen.

Postoperative Upper Airway Blood Clot After Tonsillectomy Requiring a Suction Catheter Without Side Holes for Removal: A Case Report.

We present a case of acute dyspnea due to postoperative oral bleeding after tonsillectomy, wherein a blood clot obscured the laryngeal structures to such an extent that no recognizable structures could be identified. A larger-bore suction catheter without side holes proved necessary to solve the problem. The case illustrates how a gradually forming blood clot can remain asymptomatic until reaching a size where it poses an airway threat and highlights the necessity for readily available larger-bore suction devices without side holes. We consider this as an important reminder of the unpredictable nature of blood clot formation and its management.

In vivo study to assess fat embolism resulting from the Reamer-Irrigator-Aspirator 2 system compared to a novel aspirator-based concept for intramedullary bone graft harvesting.

INTRODUCTION: Fat embolism (FE) following intramedullary (IM) reaming can cause severe pulmonary complications and sudden death. Recently, a new harvesting concept was introduced in which a novel aspirator is used first for bone marrow (BM) aspiration and then for subsequent aspiration of morselized endosteal bone during sequential reaming (A + R + A). In contrast to the established Reamer-Irrigator-Aspirator (RIA) 2 system, the new A + R + A concept allows for the evacuation of fatty BM prior to reaming. In this study, we hypothesized that the risk of FE, associated coagulopathic reactions and pulmonary FE would be comparable between the RIA 2 system and the A + R + A concept. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Intramedullary bone graft was harvested from intact femora of 16 Merino sheep (age: 1-2 years) with either the RIA 2 system (n = 8) or the A + R + A concept (n = 8). Fat intravasation was monitored with the Gurd test, coagulopathic response with D-dimer blood level concentration and pulmonary FE with histological evaluation of the lungs. RESULTS: The total number and average size of intravasated fat particles was similar between groups (p = 0.13 and p = 0.98, respectively). D-dimer concentration did not significantly increase within 4 h after completion of surgery (RIA 2: p = 0.82; A + R + A: p = 0.23), with an interaction effect similar between groups (p = 0.65). The average lung area covered with fat globules was similar between groups (p = 0.17). CONCLUSIONS: The use of the RIA 2 system and the novel A + R + A harvesting concept which consists of BM evacuation followed by sequential IM reaming and aspiration of endosteal bone, resulted in only minor fat intravasation, coagulopathic reactions and pulmonary FE, with no significant differences between the groups. Our results, therefore, suggest that both the RIA 2 system and the new A + R + A concept are comparable technologies in terms of FE-related complications.

Hot-snare assisted percutaneous mechanical aspiration of a calcified amorphous tumor.

A 24-year-old female with history of an atrial septal defect post-patch closure (bovine pericardium) presented 4 years postoperative with an incidentally identified mass originating from the septal patch .

Hybrid (Digital/Water Seal) Chest Drainage System - An Innovative Device for Patients with Anticipated Air Leaks.

BACKGROUND: To date, several chest drainage systems are available, such as digital drainage systems (DDS) and traditional systems with continuous suction or water seal. However, none of these systems were yet shown to be favorable in the treatment of complex situations such as persistent air leaks or residual spaces. We present in-vitro as well as clinical data of a novel hybrid drainage system consisting of an optimized digital drainage system (ODDS) and an underwater seal drainage system (UWSD). METHODS: For in-vitro analysis, a DDS and an ODDS were connected to a pleural cavity simulator. Different air leaks were produced and data on intrapleural pressure and air flow were analyzed. Furthermore, we tested the hybrid drainage system in 10 patients with potential air leaks after pulmonary surgery. RESULTS: In in-vitro analysis, we could show, that with advanced pump technology, pressure fluctuations caused by the drainage system when trying to maintain a set pressure level in patients with airleaks were much smaller when using an ODDS and could even be eliminated when using a fluid collection canister with sufficient buffer capacity. This minimized air leak boosts caused by the drainage system. Optimizing the auto-pressure regulation algorithms also led to a reduced airflow through the fistula and promoted rest. Switching to a passive UWSD also reduced the amount of airflow. Clinical application of the hybrid drainage system yielded promising results. CONCLUSION: The novel hybrid drainage system shows promising results in the treatment of patients with complex clinical situations such as persistent air leaks.

Aplicaciones clínicas, experimentales y resultados del uso de diferentes dispositivos de aspiración en la cirugía intrarrenal retrógrada. Revisión sistemática / Experimental and clinical applications and outcomes of using different forms of suction in retrograde intrarenal surgery. Results from a systematic review

Objetivo Identificar los últimos avances en los dispositivos de aspiración para la cirugía retrógrada intrarrenal (CRIR) y la ureteroscopia en el tratamiento de la litiasis, y evaluar los resultados de su aplicación. Procedimiento El 4 de enero de 2023 se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica sistemática en Scopus, PubMed y EMBASE. Solo se incluyeron artículos en inglés; se aceptaron estudios en la población pediátrica y estudios en adultos. Se excluyeron los estudios duplicados, los informes de casos, las cartas al editor y los resúmenes de congresos. Hallazgos principales Se seleccionaron 21 trabajos. Se han propuesto varios sistemas de aspiración para la CRIR: a través de la vaina de acceso ureteral o directamente por el endoscopio. La inteligencia artificial también puede desempeñar un papel, monitorizando los valores de la presión y del flujo de irrigación. Todas las técnicas propuestas mostraron resultados perioperatorios satisfactorios en cuanto a tiempo quirúrgico, tasa libre de cálculos (TLC) y fragmentos residuales. Además, la reducción de la presión intrarrenal (mediante la aspiración) también se asoció a una tasa de infección menor. Incluso los estudios que incluyen cálculos renales con un diámetro de 20mm o superior informan de una mayor TLC y una reducción de las complicaciones postoperatorias. Sin embargo, la falta de parámetros bien establecidos para la presión de la aspiración y el flujo de líquido impide la estandarización del procedimiento. Conclusión Como ha sido demostrado en los estudios incluidos, el uso de dispositivos de aspiración en el tratamiento quirúrgico de los cálculos urinarios favorece la obtención de una TLC mayor y reduce las complicaciones infecciosas. La CRIR con sistema de aspiración podría sustituir a la técnica tradicional, gracias a sus ventajas asociadas al control de la presión intrarrenal y aspiración del polvo fino. (AU)

Objective To identify the latest advances in suction devices and evaluate their effect in Retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) and ureteroscopy for stones. Basic procedures A systematic literature search was performed on 4th January 2023 using Scopus, PubMed, and EMBASE. Only English papers were included; both pediatric and adult studies were accepted. Duplicate studies, case reports, letters to the editor, and meeting abstracts were excluded. Main findings Twenty-one papers were selected. Several methods have been proposed for suction use in RIRS, such as through the ureteral access sheath or directly to the scope. Artificial intelligence can also regulate this system, monitoring pressure and perfusion flow values. All the proposed techniques showed satisfactory perioperative results for operative time, stone-free rate (SFR), and residual fragments. Moreover, the reduction of intrarenal pressure (induced by aspiration) was also associated with a lower infection rate. Even the studies that considered kidney stones with a diameter of 20mm or higher reported higher SFR and reduced postoperative complications. However, the lack of well-defined settings for suction pressure and fluid flow prevents the standardization of the procedure. Conclusion Aspiration device in the surgical treatment of urinary stones favours a higher SFR, reducing infectious complications, as supported by the included studies. RIRS with a suction system provided to be a natural successor to the traditional technique, regulating intrarenal pressure and aspirating fine dust. (AU)

Experimental study of a new technique for minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy: intelligent pressure-controlled minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy.

BACKGROUND: To test the reliability and safety of a newly invented technique for minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy, intelligent pressure-controlled minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy (IPC-MPCNL). METHODS: Eighteen kidneys of nine female pigs were randomly divided into three groups. Those in Groups A and B underwent IPC-MPCNL through the new system composed of a pressure-measuring MPCNL suctioning sheath and an irrigation and suctioning platform with pressure feedback control. The infusion flow rate was 500 ml/min in Group A and 750 ml/min in Group B. Those in Group C underwent MPCNL at an infusion flow rate of 500 ml/min. The renal pelvic pressure (RPP) monitored by a ureteral catheter and that monitored by the pressure-measuring sheath in Groups A and B were compared. The RPP in Group C was monitored by a ureteral catheter. RESULTS: The RPP measured by the pressure-measuring sheath and that measured by the ureteral catheter in Group A was - 5.59 ± 1.95 mmHg and 4.46 ± 2.08 mmHg, respectively. The RPP measured by the pressure-measuring sheath and that measured by the ureteral catheter in Group B was - 4.00 ± 2.01 mmHg and 5.92 ± 2.05 mmHg, respectively. Hence, the RPPs measured by the pressure-measuring sheath in Groups A and B were consistent with those measured by the ureteral catheter. The RPP in Group C was 27.75 ± 5.98 mmHg (large fluctuations). CONCLUSIONS: IPC-MPCNL can be used to accurately monitor the RPP and maintain it within a preset safe range via suction. The new technique and the new system are safe and reliable.

Comparative analytical study of suction drum foundation penetration characteristics of guide frame platforms with real measurements.

A suction bucket foundation is a new type offering high construction efficiency, precise positioning, cost-effectiveness, and environmental friendliness. It has been extensively employed in marine resource development, particularly in offshore wind power and oil and gas extraction. It usually involves multiple suction bucket conduit rack platforms during offshore construction projects. Accurately predicting the sinking penetration resistance and determining the suction value is crucial during the construction of the suction bucket foundation, as it ensures the safe sinking of the platform foundation to the designated depth. This paper examines the feasibility of the suction bucket foundation's sinking, sinking penetration resistance, suction value, and self-weight penetration depth, using the offshore wind farm guiding frame platform foundation project in Yangjiang, Guangdong Province, as a basis of analysis. The measured data is analyzed using the API specification static equilibrium analysis method, ABAQUS finite element analysis, and data mining techniques. The suction drum base platform's sinking process was monitored for negative pressure and penetration resistance. These observed values were compared to theoretical and finite element calculations. Results demonstrated that the API specification's theoretical calculations and finite element analyses effectively predict sinking penetration resistance, the suction force value, and the penetration depth for self-gravitational penetration. On-site engineering data fit these theoretical calculations, and finite element analyses well. The findings from this study have enriched the engineering application database of the suction drum foundation, providing a valuable reference for the design and construction of similar projects and establishing the groundwork for further promotion and application.